Eli WhitneyĮli Whitney’s cotton gin, patented in 1794, obviated the need to remove seeds from raw cotton by hand. They moved to the cities, expanding the urban market for harvested grain and contributing to the industrialization of the United States and Europe. McCormick’s mechanical reaper so increased agricultural productivity that thousands-then millions-of agricultural workers could be released from the fields. The prestigious French Academy of Science made McCormick a corresponding member, a rare honor. Demonstrations in other European cities-Hamburg, Vienna, and Paris-created a widespread media sensation. At London’s Great Exhibition of 1851, McCormick’s reaper won first prize. Next, in the early 1850s, he took his invention on tour to Europe. McCormick moved production from the blacksmith shop of his family’s farm in Virginia to a factory in Chicago in 1847. He patented the device in 1834 but continued to improve upon it, and in the 1840s, orders from farmers began pouring in. Cyrus McCormickĬyrus McCormick, a farmer’s son, continued his father’s attempts to invent a horse-drawn reaping machine that had the potential to increase a field’s yield of grain by a factor of ten. Here are five of the most important such inventions patented in the United States between 17. Then, in the early 19th century, as industrialization spread to the United States and continental Europe and factories became more common, machines meant to speed up economic activity and industrial and agricultural production soon flooded the market. The industrial revolution began in Great Britain in the late 18th century, with new devices such as the power loom and the spinning mule increasing output.
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